Hydraulically driven double-cylinder double-acting reciprocating pump

At present, widely used in the petroleum field is a mechanically driven reciprocating pump, that is, the diesel engine or motor is decelerated through a belt drive and decelerated by a gear reducer, and then the piston rod and the piston are driven to reciprocate through a crank connecting rod mechanism and a guide slider. Exercise to achieve aspiration and drainage. Since the crank linkage mechanism determines that the piston movement speed approximates the sine curve variation, the instantaneous flow rate of the reciprocating pump cylinder also fluctuates according to a sine law. In order to reduce the fluctuation of the flow and pressure in the discharge pipe of the reciprocating pump, it is usually The discharge port of the pump installed a discharge air bag, which increased the weight and maintenance of the equipment. The main structural features of the hydraulic drive reciprocating pump is that the drive of the crank linkage mechanism of the conventional reciprocating pump is removed, and the hydraulic cylinder is used to drive, and the long stroke and low stroke times are easily realized, and the working performance of the reciprocating pump can be greatly improved. Moreover, the hydraulic transmission has the advantages of small volume, light weight, long service life, no impact, small inertia, and easy realization of stepless speed change, automatic control and overload protection and the like. In foreign countries, hydraulic driven reciprocating pumps are used more and more widely, and there is a growing trend of power. In China, the hydraulic reciprocating pump used in the oil field is still in the development stage, and the relevant technical data is very lacking. Among them, the key technology is the change of directional control and high-power hydraulic energy. The double-cylinder double-acting reciprocating pump introduced in this paper is an ideal pump for oilfields. It has the characteristics of simple structure, accurate and reliable commutation and supercharger.

1 The structure of the hydraulically driven double-cylinder double-acting reciprocating pump The structural composition of the hydraulically-driven double-cylinder double-acting reciprocating pump is shown. The pump cylinder and hydraulic cylinder meter have a special structure. The cylinder sleeves 5, 612, 14 of the pump cylinder are respectively fixed on both sides. The piston 7 in the middle is made into a sleeve type for reciprocating motion. The piston 7 13 is not only the cylinder of the reciprocating pump. It is also the piston of the hydraulic cylinder. The pump cylinder is moved by the left and right movement of the cylinder piston (cylinder of the pump cylinder) 7, 13 to suck liquid and discharge liquid. The cylinders 19, 20 of the hydraulic cylinder are fixed and connected to the reversing slide valve 411 via the oil pipe. The hydraulic pump 2 sucks the hydraulic oil from the tank 1, pressurizes and sends the left and right movements of the cylinder pistons 7, 13 of the reversing slides 49, 11 and the reversing rotary valve 10 into the hydraulic fluids of the hydraulic cylinders 19, 20. promote. The two hydraulic cylinders and pump cylinders are exactly the same in size, but only one quarter of the reciprocating stroke between each pump cylinder of 125, 146, to ensure that there are two pump cylinders for liquid and liquid absorption. The control system comprises a shift lever 8, a slide valve 9 and a rotary valve 10, the shift lever 8 is fixed on the right end of the piston 7, the shift lever 9 controls the working position of the slide valve 9 and the rotary valve 10, and the rotary valve 10 passes through the slide valve. 11 to achieve control of the hydraulic cylinder piston valve 9 through the spool valve 4 to control the hydraulic cylinder piston, 1. fuel tank 2. oil pump 3. relief valve 411. hydraulic two-position four-way reversing valve 5612, 14 cylinder liner 7、13. Cylinder piston 8. Lever 9. Two-position four-way reversing valve 10. Four-way valve 15. Suction pipe 16. Drain pipe 17. Suction valve 18. Drain valve 1920. Hydraulic cylinder block double Cylinder Double-acting reciprocating pump structure diagram Since pistons and hydraulic cylinders are sleeve type, in order to adapt to field working conditions, external protective cover should be added.

2 The working principle of the hydraulically driven double-cylinder double-acting reciprocating pump The piston 7 has reached the left dead point, the lever 8 makes the slide valve 9 work left, the hydraulic oil discharged by the oil pump is divided into two, all the way through the valve 11 into the right cylinder of the cylinder 20 The cylinder piston 13 continues to move to the left. At this time, the pump cylinder 14 discharges liquid, and the pump cylinder 12 absorbs liquid. Another valve 4 enters the left chamber of the fuel tank 19 to push the piston 7 of the fuel cylinder to the right. At this time, the pump cylinder 6 discharges liquid, and the pump cylinder 5 absorbs liquid.

When the cylinder piston 7 moves to the right to reach the midpoint of the stroke, the piston 13 travels to the left dead center, and the shift lever 8 and the rotary valve 10 are in the position as shown. As the cylinder piston 7 continues to move to the right, the rotary valve 10 is disengaged. 8 Turn to the position shown, and switch the slide valve 11 to the right position. At this time, the pressure oil from the oil pump 2 enters the left chamber of the cylinder 20 through the slide valve 11 and pushes the piston 13 to move to the right. At this time, the pump cylinder 14 Suction liquid, pump cylinder 12 row liquid. As the cylinder piston 7 continues to move to the right to the right lever 8, the reversing slide 9 is switched to work in the right position, resulting in the slide valve body.

The liquid is sucked and drained and it is ensured that there are two pump cylinders simultaneously discharging liquid and sucking liquid. When the piston 7 moves to the left to the midpoint, it coincides with the piston 13 to the right dead center, and the shift lever 8 and the rotary valve 10 are in the same position. Indicating the position, as the cylinder piston 7 continues to move to the left, the rotary valve 10 is moved to the position shown by the shift lever 8 so that the spool valve 11 is switched to the left position. At this time, the pressure oil from the oil pump 2 enters through the slide valve 11 The right chamber of the cylinder 20 urges the piston 13 to move to the left. At this time, the pump cylinder 12 sucks liquid, and the pump cylinder 14 discharges liquid (see ). The cylinder pistons 19 and 20 are reciprocated in this way, and the cylinders 5, 612 and 143 of the double-cylinder double-acting reciprocating pump can be realized. In the oil field, the requirements for the discharge pressure of the reciprocating pump are continuously mentioned and further developed. trend. The application of high pressure or ultra high pressure reciprocating pumps will become more and more extensive.

The hydraulically driven double-cylinder double-acting reciprocating pump described in this paper has the following outstanding advantages in comparison with the mechanically driven reciprocating pump: the ratio of the effective working area of ​​the pump cylinder and the cylinder can be designed according to the need to achieve the purpose of supercharging, and the high pressure pump can be realized. The process requirements.

The use of mechanical stroke control commutation ensures safe and reliable commutation.

Most of the discharge strokes are uniform motions, and they are low stroke times. They do not cause water hammer problems that plague three-cylinder pumps. The suction performance is much better than mechanically driven reciprocating pumps, eliminating the need for priming pumps and inhaling air bags.

Since there is only a brief load change at both ends of the stroke, there is no load change during the uniform motion phase, and since there is no crank link motion mechanism, the effect of the swing force is eliminated. As a result of the comprehensive action, the strength requirements of the main stressed parts are reduced, the overall vibration is reduced, the stress state of the parts is greatly improved, and their life span is extended.

It is easy to realize long stroke and low punching times, which reduces wear of consumables such as pumps and valves, so the maintenance workload is greatly reduced, and the maintenance time and maintenance cost of the pump stop are reduced.

The pump is suitable for high-pressure, large-displacement, long-time operation in petroleum fields, and can still be discharged as usual for liquids with sand content exceeding 2.0kg/L. It can be used as drilling pump or fracturing pump.

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